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Oxygenation
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Brain tissue O2 (btpO2)
Blood pressure results from the energy put into the blood with each contraction of the heart. This energy moves the blood forward (towards the veins and right ventricle) against the resistance of arteries that generate their resistance through the smooth muscles that line their walls.
Spasm of an artery that results from injury to the vessel. During insertion of an arterial line probably results from one or both: 1. mechanical contact between the a-line needle and the arterial wall causes smooth muscles to constrict and narrow the vessel sometimes to the point that there is no flow and frequently to the point that a pulse is no longer palpable and further attempts at aterial puncture and cannulation will be futile.
Test to make sure it is safe to place a catheter in the radial artery at the wrist.
Technique: Compress the radial artery firmly enough that that there is no flow through it. Hold for several minutes observing for ischemic changes in the hand.
Reason to do test: if inadequate collaterals through ulnar arterial arcade, hand will become dusky and cold.
The radial artery is located on the same side of the hand as the thumb.
(The femoral artery should only be used for placement of an arterial line if cannulation of the radial artery is impossible).
Nerve, Artery, Vein...
1. Real time, continuous measurement of arterial blood pressure 2. Sampling of arterial blood
Duration: An arterial line should be left in place no longer than 5 days. Replacement:
If an arterial line has been in so long (5 days) that it must be
replaced, the replacement line should not be placed in the same artery as
the original.
Post-graduate year (PGY) 2 or higher.
Required if a next-of-kin available.
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